Isotec - In Situ Oxidative Technologies Inc.

OVERVIEW OF SERVICES - TECHNOLOGY

Overview of Services We offer in-situ soil and groundwater remediation via:

Modified Fenton's Reagent
Activated Sodium Persulfate
Potassium Permanganate
Metals Remediation
Soil Mixing
Calcium Polysulfide
Lactate
Sulfate/ Nitrate injections

Please follow the links for additional information on each oxidant. ISOTEC's patented Modified Fenton's Reagent technology uses chelated iron catalysts and stabilized hydrogen peroxide that are injected into the contaminated subsurface at neutral pH to produce free radicals that oxidize and reduce contaminants. The reaction byproducts include carbon dioxide, water and chloride ion if chlorinated contaminants are present.

ISOTEC's Persulfate technology uses sodium persulfate catalyzed by heat, hydrogen peroxide or our patented chelated iron complex to produce sulfate free radicals that attack contaminants.

Oxidation Comparison

Technology Features	Modified/ Conventional Fenton's Reagent	Permanganate	Persulfate	Ozone
Physical State As Injected	Liquid	Liquid	Liquid	Gas
Key Oxidant	OH^•	MnO₄^-	SO₄^•-	O₃
Oxidation Potential	2.8 V (highest)	1.7 V	2.5 V	2.07 V
Reaction Times	Fast	Slow	Moderate	Fast
By-Products	Ferric Iron, O₂,H₂O	Dissolved Manganese, potential heavy metals	Sulfate	Oxygen
Contaminate Mass/ NAPL Reduction	Yes	Limited	Moderate	Limited
Potential to Enhance Bioremediation	Yes, Using Modified Fenton's	No	No	Yes
Capital Costs	Low	Low	Low	High
Reagent Costs	Moderate	Moderate (for KMnO₄) to High (for NaMnO₄)	Moderate	Moderate
Subsurface Fouling	No (Modified Fenton's). Possible (with Conventional)	Yes due to MnO₂ formation	No	No
Metals Oxidation Potential	Possible under acidic conditions	Possible oxidation of Cr³⁺ to Cr⁶⁺	Possible due to acid formation	Potential