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Petroleum Hydrocarbons Case Studies
Case Studies >
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
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Former Gas Station |
| Site Location: |
Tampa, Florida |
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| Contamination: |
Naphthalene,
MTBE, Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Total Xylenes (BTEX). Total GW VOC
Concentrations: Naphtalene (194 ug/l); MTBE (100 ug/l); Benzene (942 mg/l);
Toluene (2,750 mg/l); Ethylbenzene (784 mg/l); and Total Xylenes (2,040 mg/l). |
| Geology: |
Site is
composed of clayey fine sands, silts and clays. White to brown fine grained sand
to mottled brown clayey sand from land surface to 12 ft bgs Tan to grey sandy
clay to 18 ft bgs. Clay from 18 to 30 ft bgs. |
| Area Treated: |
Approximately
660 square feet (sf) area |
| Effectiveness: |
Substantial
GW VOC reduction of higher than 99% was achieved after only one treatment
application. Treatment area total VOC concentration was reduced from 6,810 ppb
to 6.2 ppb. The entire project was completed for under $40,000 dollars and the
client has recommended that the site enters a natural attenuation monitoring
program. |
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Active Gas Station |
| Site Location: |
Florida |
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| Contamination: |
BTEX, MTBE and
Naphthalene. Average GW VOC Concentrations: Benzene (3 mg/l); Toluene (127
mg/l); Ethylbenzene (266 mg/l); and Total Xylenes (3,028 mg/l). |
| Geology: |
Fine-to
coarse-grained sand interbedded with layers of clayey to silty sand from ground
surface to a depth of ~68 ft bgs underlain by weathered limestone. Depth to
groundwater is ~25 ft bgs; GW flow is moderate and to the south-southwest. |
| Area Treated: |
~3,600 Sq. ft
total area. Target treatment zone ranged from ~26-35 ft bgs. |
| Effectiveness: |
GW
VOC reduction was achieved in all 3 monitoring locations with reduction rates of
higher than 99% in all 3 locations. Treatment area wide average VOC
concentration reduced from 3,424 ppb to 17 ppb. |
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Superfund Site |
| Site Location: |
Indiana |
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| Contamination: |
Benzene,
Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes (BTEX), Diesel Range Organics (DRO) and Gasoline
Range Organics(GRO). Concentrations: GW levels as high as (9,700 mg/l) BTEX;
(21,000 mg/l) DRO; and (40,000 mg/l) GRO. Soil levels as high as (1,000 mg/kg)
BTEX; (2,100 mg/kg) DRO; and (920 mg/kg) GRO). |
| Geology: |
Sands from
ground surface to a depth of ~30 ft bgs underlain by a clay aquitard. Depth to
groundwater is ~18 ft bgs; GW flow is moderate and to the southwest. |
| Area Treated: |
~36,000 Sq. ft
total area. Target treatment zone ranged from ~14-20 ft bgs. |
| Effectiveness: |
For soil,
COC reduction was achieved at all 12 monitoring locations with individual
reduction rates ranging between 20% to greater than 99%. Total average soil
concentration reduction rates ranged from 94% to greater than 99% for VOCs, DRO
and GRO. For GW, COC reduction was achieved at 11 of 12 monitoring
locations with reduction rates ranging from 15% to greater than 99%. Total
average gw concentration reduction rates ranged from 68% to 83% for VOCs, DRO
and GRO. Baseline versus post-treatment mass calculations estimated an
approximately 5,719 lbs mass destruction in soils and groundwater within the
target treatment area. |
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Former Gasoline Service Station |
| Site Location: |
Western Florida |
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| Contamination: |
Benzene (3,736
mg/l); Ethylbenzene (5,769 mg/l); Toluene
(10,700
mg/l);
Xylenes (9,984
mg/l);
Methyl-t-butyl ether MTBE (107
mg/l);
and Naphthalene (1,372
mg/l). |
| Geology: |
General
shallow subsurface conditions at the site consist of fine sands and silty sands;
water table at approximately 5-7 ft bgs. |
| Area Treated: |
12,000 Sq. ft
area at 4-15 ft bgs vertical depth interval |
| Effectiveness: |
Greater than
99% reduction of total VOCs and SVOCs site-wide following ISOTEC pilot and
full-scale treatment programs. All concentrations reduced to below the most
stringent FDEP groundwater quality standards |
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Former MGP Site |
| Site Location: |
Long Beach, California |
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| Contamination: |
PAHs (2,484
mg/kg) including Benzo(a)Pyrene (100 mg/kg, 340 ug/l), and TPH (27,800 mg/kg,
912,000 ug/l). |
| Geology: |
Fill material
overlying poorly sorted medium to fine grain sand; water table at approximately
10 ft bgs. |
| Area Treated: |
Approximately
3,000 Sq. ft area at 7-12.5 ft bgs vertical depth interval |
| Effectiveness: |
In soil,
TPH reduced by 58%, BaP equivalent by 89%; TPH & PAHs were ND in groundwater |
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Railroad Maintenance Facility |
| Site Location: |
North Creek, New York |
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| Contamination: |
Petroleum
hydrocarbons in soil |
| Geology: |
Saturated sand
and gravel, located 20 feet from banks of Hudson River
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| Area Treated: |
13,800 Sq. ft
area at 2.5-12 ft bgs vertical depth interval |
| Effectiveness: |
Total VOCs
reduced by 83.1% & PAHs by 81.5%. Site received Case closure. Project received
Grand Conceptor Award and National Recognition Award |
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Lake Front Residence |
| Site Location: |
Sussex County, New Jersey |
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| Contamination: |
Fuel Oil #2, TPH = approx. 12,000 to 20,000 ppm in
soil |
| Geology: |
Fractured
bedrock formation at 4 ft bgs containing perched water table |
| Area Treated: |
~1,800 sq. ft
at a vertical interval of 2-12 ft bgs |
| Effectiveness: |
Site-wide TPH
was reduced by 82% with 96% in hot spot area. The property received No
Further Action letter |
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Former Sign Manufacturing Facility |
| Site Location: |
Denver, Colorado |
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| Contamination: |
BTEX (24,595
ppb) in groundwater |
| Geology: |
Confined clay
layers with permeable sand lenses |
| Area Treated: |
~9,600 sq. ft
at a vertical interval of 2-8 ft bgs. |
| Effectiveness: |
Overall BTEX
reduced from 24,595 ppb to 89 ppb. Each COC was treated to ND or well below its
cleanup level throughout the plume. State of Colorado issued an Unrestricted
No Further Action letter to the property. |
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| Warehousing Facility | |
Site Location: |
Union County, New Jersey | |
Contamination: |
BTEX
(28,161 ppb); Methyl t-butyl ether (7,240 ppb) in
groundwater | |
Geology: |
Unconfined silty layer | |
Area Treated: |
Approximately 100 x 50 sq. ft between 0 and 20 ft bgs | |
Effectiveness: |
Each compound was treated to below its NJDEP’s
standard; site received No Further Action letter. | |
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Truck Rental Facility | | Site Location: | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma | | Contamination: | BTEX up to 4,100 ppb plus free product in some locations | | Geology: | Alluvial sand; water table is approximately 12 ft bgs | | Area Treated: | ~3,000 sq. ft at an interval of 20-30 ft bgs | | Effectiveness: | Up to 93% reduction in total VOCs site-wide; in one area, 0.12 ft thick of free product was reduced to 662 ppb. | |
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| Utilities Authority | | Site Location: | Southern New Jersey | | Contamination: | Toluene (87 ppb); Ethylbenzene (91 ppb); Xylenes (1,260 ppb); Naphthalene (27 ppb); and 2-Methylnaphthalene (5 ppb) | | Geology: | Sandy formation; water table is approximately 9-10 ft bgs | | Area Treated: | Approximately 1000 sq. ft at an interval of 10-18 ft bgs. | | Effectiveness: | All COCs were treated to below NJDEP groundwater criteria with VOCs reduced by 99% and base neutral compounds by 76%. | |
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| Former Maintenance and Repair Garage | | Site Location: | West Chester, New York | | Contamination: | BTEX (4,869 ppb) and MTBE (451 ppb). | | Geology: | Very fine to coarse sand and gravel underlain by fractured bedrock. Water table is approximately 3-10 ft bgs. | | Area Treated: | ~20,000 Sq. ft area at 11-20 ft bgs vertical depth interval within the bedrock | | Effectiveness: | 66% reduction of total BTEX and 62% of MTBE in hot spots, and below NYSDE cleanup criteria in downgradient area. NYSDEC issued No Further Action letter. | | Download Article
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| Gasoline Service Station | | Site Location: | Northwestern Florida | | Contamination: | Benzene (29,942 ppb); Toluene (25,009 ppb); and Ethylbenzene (2,942 ppb). | | Geology: | Compact fine to medium grained silty clayey sands from land surface to 6 ft bgs followed by a clay lens; water table is approximately 6-7 ft bgs in source area. | | Area Treated: | 14,130 Sq. ft area at 3-17 ft bgs vertical depth interval. | | Effectiveness: | Benzene was reduced by >90%; Ethylbenzene and Toluene were treated to below FDEP criteria in the treated area. A full-scale treatment program has been proposed. | |
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| Military Jet Maintenance Facility | | Site Location: | Tulsa, Oklahoma | | Contamination: | TPH in soil ranged from 5,000 mg/kg to 8,000 mg/kg | | Geology: | Coarse, sandy soil and native fill underneath an 8-inch concrete slab | | Area Treated: | 3,750 Sq. ft area at 1.0-2.5 ft bgs vertical depth interval. | | Effectiveness: | TPH was reduced by >90% and No Further Action is required at the site. | |
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| Former MGP Site | | Site Location: | Long Island, NY | | Contamination: | VOCs, primarily BTEX & Naphthalene (501,000 ppm in soil & 302 ppm in groundwater) | | Geology: | Fine to coarse grain sand with gravels; water table at approximately 3 ft bgs | | Area Treated: | Approximately 29,200 sq. ft at an interval of 5-12 ft bgs | | Effectiveness: | Site-wide BTEX & Naphthalene in soil were reduced from 644,498 ppm to 12 ppm. | |
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